RA 11479 defines terrorism as:

Engaging in acts intended to cause death or serious bodily injury to any person or endangers a person’s life;

Engaging in acts intended to cause extensive damage or destruction to a government or public facility, public place, or private property;

Engaging in acts intended to cause extensive interference with, damage, or destruction to critical infrastructure;

The definition states that “advocacy, protest, dissent, stoppage of work, industrial or mass action, and other similar exercises of civil and political rights” shall not be considered as terrorist acts only if they “are not intended to cause death or serious physical harm to a person, to endanger a person’s life, or to create a serious risk to public safety.”

RA 9160 defines Money Laundering as

SEC. 4. Money Laundering Offense. — Money laundering is a crime whereby the proceeds of an unlawful activity are transacted, thereby making them appear to have originated from legitimate sources. It is committed by the following:

(a) Any person knowing that any monetary instrument or property represents, involves, or relates to, the proceeds of any unlawful activity, transacts or attempts to transact said monetary instrument or property.

(b) Any person knowing that any monetary instrument or property involves the proceeds of any unlawful activity, performs or fails to perform any act as a result of which he facilitates the offense of money laundering referred to in paragraph (a) above.

(c) Any person knowing that any monetary instrument or property is required under this Act to be disclosed and filed with the Anti-Money Laundering Council (AMLC), fails to do so.

Defined by RA 9165 as

(r) Illegal Trafficking. — The illegal cultivation, culture, delivery, administration, dispensation, manufacture, sale, trading, transportation, distribution, importation, exportation and possession of any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical.

Drug trafficking is the distribution and sale, as well as cultivation and manufacture of substances subject to drug prohibition laws.

Section 3. Definition of Terms. – As used in RA 9208

(a) Trafficking in Persons – refers to the recruitment, transportation, transfer or harboring, or receipt of persons with or without the victim’s consent or knowledge, within or across national borders by means of threat or use of force, or other forms of coercion, abduction, fraud, deception, abuse of power or of position, taking advantage of the vulnerability of the person, or, the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another person for the purpose of exploitation which includes at a minimum, the exploitation or the prostitution of others or other forms of sexual exploitation, forced labor or services, slavery, servitude or the removal or sale of organs.

Section 3. Definition of Terms. – As used in RA 9208

The recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring or receipt of a child for the purpose of exploitation shall also be considered as “trafficking in persons” even if it does not involve any of the means set forth in the preceding paragraph.

Human trafficking: This is the recruitment, transportation, transfer, or harboring of people by force or deception for the purposes of exploitation.

RA 9160 defines Money Laundering as

SEC. 4. Money Laundering Offense. — Money laundering is a crime whereby the proceeds of an unlawf

SEC. 4. Cybercrime Offenses. — The following acts constitute the offense of cybercrime punishable under RA 10175

(a) Offenses against the confidentiality, integrity and availability of computer data and systems:

(b) Computer-related Offenses:

(c) Content-related Offenses:

Cybercrime: This broad category includes almost any crime that involves a computer network. According the Council of Europe’s treaty on the subject, cybercrime can include illegal access and intercept of computers and computer communications, forgery and fraud using computers, child pornography, and copyright infringement.

RA 4712 Section 2. Section thirty-six hundred one of the same Code is hereby amended to read as follows:

“Sec. 3601. Unlawful Importation. Any person who shall fraudulently import or bring into the Philippines, or assist in so doing, any article, contrary to law, or shall receive, conceal, buy, sell, or in any manner facilitate the transportation, concealment, or sale of such article after importation, knowing the same to have been imported contrary to law, shall be guilty of smuggling.

Transnational smuggling is generally regarded as the moving of unmanifested goods across and beyond internationally recognized boundaries defining the sovereignty of countries.

RPC Art. 122. Piracy in general and mutiny on the high seas or on Philippine waters. — The penalty of reclusion perpetua shall be inflicted upon any person who, on the high seas, shall attack or seize a vessel or, not being a member of its complement nor a passenger, shall seize the whole or part of the cargo of said vessel, its equipment, or personal belongings of its complement or passengers

According to the Revised Penal Code [RPC], Book II by Reyes, there are two ways of committing Piracy, to wit:

1. By attacking or seizing a vessel on the high seas or in Philippine waters.
2. By seizing in the vessel while on the high seas or in Philippine waters the whole or part of its cargo, its equipment or personal belongings of its complement or passengers.

RA 7659 Section 3. Section Three, Chapter One, Title One of Book Two of the same Code is hereby amended to read as follows:

“Section Three. – Piracy and mutiny on the high seas or in the Philippine waters

Art. 122. Piracy in general and mutiny on the high seas or in Philippine waters. – The penalty of reclusion perpetua shall be inflicted upon any person who, on the high seas, or in Philippine waters, shall attack or seize a vessel or, not being a member of its complement nor a passenger, shall seize the whole or part of the cargo of said vessel, its equipment or passengers. The same penalty shall be inflicted in case of mutiny on the high seas or in Philippine waters.”

RA 7659 Section 3. Section Three, Chapter One, Title One of Book Two of the same Code is hereby amended to read as follows:

Art. 123. Qualified piracy. – The penalty of reclusion perpetua to death shall be imposed upon those who commit any of the crimes referred to in the preceding article, under any of the following circumstances:

1. Whenever they have seized a vessel by boarding or firing upon the same;
2. Whenever the pirates have abandoned their victims without means of saving themselves or;
3. Whenever the crime is accompanied by murder, homicide, physical injuries or rape.”

Article 101 of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) determines that Piracy consists of any of the following acts:

(a)         any illegal acts of violence or detention, or any act of depredation, committed for private ends by the crew or the passengers of a private ship or a private aircraft, and directed:

(i)         on the high seas, against another ship or aircraft, or  against persons or property on board such ship or aircraft;

(ii)       any act of inciting or of intentionally facilitating an act described in subparagraph (a) or (b).

Resolution A.1025(26) (Annex, paragraph 2.2) on International Maritime Organizations’ Code of Practice for the Investigation of the Crimes of Piracy and Armed Robbery Against Ships, determines that armed robbery against ships consists of any of the following acts:

 (a)     any illegal act of violence or detention or any act of depredation, or threat thereof, other than an act of piracy, committed for private ends and directed against a ship or against persons or property on board such a ship, within a State’s internal waters, archipelagic waters and territorial sea;

(b)     any act of inciting or of intentionally facilitating an act described above.”

RA 10591 defines Arms smuggling as the import, export, acquisition, sale, delivery, movement or transfer of firearms, their parts and components and ammunition, from or across the territory of one country to that of another country which has not been authorized in accordance with domestic law in either or both country/countries and imposes the penalty of reclusion perpetua.

Arms trafficking or gunrunning, this is the sale or movement of firearms or ammunition from one country to another without the permission of both, or without the proper ammunition markings.

Environmental crime is a highly profitable and rapidly expanding area of international criminal activity. In the Philippines, environmental crimes, such as illicit trafficking in wildlife, illegal logging, and illegal, unregulated, and unreported fishing, have broader impacts. In addition to causing species and habitat loss, these crimes threaten food security by depleting fish stocks, forest and other resources, impeding economic development and reducing revenue.

Environmental crime is the illegal harm of the environment. It may include illegal fishing or trade in animals, illegal trade in substances that harm the ozone, illegal dumping of hazardous waste, and illegal logging and trade in timber.

RA 8293 SECTION 4. Definitions. ‑ 4.1. The term “intellectual property rights” consists of:

1. a) Copyright and Related Rights;
2. b) Trademarks and Service Marks;
3. c) Geographic Indications;
4. d) Industrial Designs;
5. e) Patents;
6. f) Layout-Designs (Topographies) of Integrated Circuits; and
7. g) Protection of Undisclosed Information (n, TRIPS).

RA 8293 SECTION 76. Civil Action for Infringement. ‑ 76.1. The making, using, offering for sale, selling, or importing a patented product or a product obtained directly or indirectly from a patented process, or the use of a patented process without the authorization of the patentee constitutes patent infringement: Provided, That, this shall not apply to instances covered by Sections 72.1 and 72.4 (Limitations of Patent Rights); Section 74 (Use of Invention by Government); Section 93.6 (Compulsory Licensing); and Section 93-A (Procedures on Issuance of a Special Compulsory License under the TRIPS Agreement) of this Code.

The World Intellectual Property Organization protects intellectual property throughout the world through 23 international treaties.

RA 10066 SEC. 48. Prohibited Acts. — To the extent that the offense is not punishable by a higher punishment under another provision of law, violations of this Act may be made by whoever intentionally:

(a)Destroys, demolishes, mutilates or damages any world heritage site, national cultural treasures, important cultural property and archaeological and anthropological sites;

(b) Modifies, alters, or destroys the original features of or undertakes construction or real estate development in any national shrine, monument, landmark and other historic edifices and structures, declared, classified, and marked by the National Historical Institute as such, without the prior written permission from the Commission. This includes the designated security or buffer zone, extending five (5) meters from the visible perimeter of the monument or site;

(c) Explores, excavates or undertakes diggings for the purpose of obtaining materials of cultural historical value without prior written authority from the National Museum. No excavation or diggings shall be permitted without the supervision of a certified archaeologist;

(d) Appropriates excavation finds contrary to the provisions of the New Civil Code and other pertinent laws;

(e) Imports, sells, distributes, procures, acquires, or exports cultural property stolen, or otherwise lost against the will of the lawful owner;

(f) Illicitly exports cultural property listed in the Philippine Registry of Cultural Property or those that may be categorized as such upon visitation or incorrectly declares the same during transit; and

(g) Deals in cultural property without proper registration and license issued by the cultural agency concerned.

Smuggling of cultural artifacts is the theft of antique or ancient goods.